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Copyright and Citation

As technology and its use increasingly becomes more ubiquitous, information becomes more available and portable.  Consequently, these new technologies bring new challenges for today's educators.  New tools and other digitizing equipment not only provide ready access to vast reservoirs of information on the Internet, they also allow teachers to instantly transfer, capture, copy, store and share digitized learning materials.

In this environment where more and more knowledge and information is used in our daily work, users often do not understand how much leeway they have in using other people's work.  The law may seem confusing and the ambiguity increases the danger of plagiarism and copyright infringement. 

To avoid these, this page contains resources with practices and procedures to follow when citing Internet resources and a number of web sites offer specific information about Copyright laws and Fair Use.  In addition, links to other pages on how to cite electronic resources are also inlcuded.

ONLINE RESOURCES

  • http://www.thecopyrightsite.org A site from a class in Instructional Technology at the University of Alabama  dedicated to helping educators everywhere in the United States understand the issue of copyright.
  • Copyright Management Center A web site serving the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) and larger Indiana University community with the management of copyright issues arising in the creation of original works and in the use of existing copyrighted works for teaching, research, and service. Indiana University is a complex organization with ambitious programs for the creation and dissemination of new knowledge.

For Students...

For Teachers...

Presentation Materials

A Teacher's Guide to Fair Use and Copyright (.ppt)

Work or Materials to be used for Educational Purposes (.pdf)

As a rule...

f the answer to any of the following 4 questions is “NO” – use caution!  The use of that copywritten work may not fall under “fair use.”

  1. Is the copying for educational use?
  2. Is the original material mainly facts, not very original, and published?
  3. Are you using small amounts, not whole sections?
  4. Is the original material freely available? (Meaning, the author is not trying to make money on it) 

When in doubt, it's always a good idea to ask the copyright owner for permission first.  In the event that it is impracticable to obtain permission, use of copyrighted material should be avoided unless the doctrine of “fair use” would clearly apply to the situation.

Citing Practices and Procedures

There are some practices and procedures to follow when citing Internet resources and a number of web sites offer specific information on citing electronic resources: